消防报警器的选择要注意什么？

来源：http://www.cx-fire.com/ 日期：2024-01-16

一、烟雾报警器按信息传输方式不同，从探测器到主机之间可分为有线和无线2种有线的大多为联网式，需要外接电源，但可以跟其他的系统联动，比如喷水、报警等，一旦发生意外可以 马上联动处理，大多用在商超、写字楼等地方。

1、 Smoke alarms can be divided into two types based on information transmission methods: wired and wireless, from the detector to the host. Most wired alarms are networked and require external power supply, but can be linked with other systems such as sprinkler and alarm systems. Once an accident occurs, they can be immediately linked and processed. They are mostly used in supermarkets, office buildings, and other places.

而无线的则为独立式，主要使用电池，相比有线来说，安装更方便，不需要额外找电源插口，但需要定期 更换电池。目前一些智能烟雾报警器，增加了WIFI模块，即使是独立式也可以与同网络环境下的其他报警产 品联动。从安装角度来看，独立型大多为直接粘贴式，通过胶直接粘贴在天花板上即可。

Wireless devices, on the other hand, are independent and mainly use batteries. Compared to wired devices, they are more convenient to install and do not require additional power sockets, but require regular battery replacement. At present, some intelligent smoke alarms have added WIFI modules, which can be linked with other alarm products in the same network environment even if they are independent. From an installation perspective, most independent models are directly pasted, which can be directly pasted onto the ceiling through adhesive.

二、烟雾报警器从使用的传感器可分为

2、 Smoke alarms can be classified based on the sensors used

离子烟雾报警器

Ionic smoke alarm

离子烟雾报警器有一个电离室，离子室所用放射元素一一锯241 (Am241),强度约0.8微居里左右，正 常状态下处于电场的平衡状态，当有烟尘进入电离室会破坏这种平衡关系，报警电路检测到浓度超过设定的阈 值发出报警。

The ion smoke alarm has an ionization chamber, and the radioactive elements used in the ion chamber are sawn 241 (Am241) with an intensity of about 0.8 microcuries. Under normal conditions, it is in an equilibrium state of the electric field. When smoke enters the ionization chamber, it will disrupt this equilibrium relationship. The alarm circuit detects that the concentration exceeds the set threshold and sends an alarm.

它是在电离室内含有少量放射性物质，可使电离室内空气成为导体，允许定电流在两个电极之间的空气中 通过，射线使局部空气成电离状态，经电压作用形成离子流，这就给电离室一个有效的导电性。当烟粒子 进入电离化区域时，它们由于与离子相接合而降低了空气的导电性，形成离子移动的减弱。当导电性低于预定 值时，探测器发出警报。

It contains a small amount of radioactive material in the ionization chamber, which can make the air inside the ionization chamber a conductor, allowing a constant current to pass through the air between the two electrodes. The radiation ionizes the local air and forms an ion current through the action of voltage, which gives the ionization chamber an effective conductivity. When smoke particles enter the ionization zone, they decrease the conductivity of the air due to their binding with ions, resulting in a weakening of ion movement. When the conductivity falls below the predetermined value, the detector issues an alarm.

光电烟雾报警器

Photoelectric smoke alarm

光电烟雾报警器内有一个光学迷宫，安装有红外对管，无烟时红外接收管收不到红外发射管发出的红外 光，当烟尘进入光学迷宫时，通过折射、反射，接收管接收到红外光，智能报警电路判断是否超过阈值，如果超过发出警报

There is an optical maze inside the photoelectric smoke alarm, which is equipped with infrared tubes. When there is no smoke, the infrared receiving tube cannot receive the infrared light emitted by the infrared emitting tube. When smoke enters the optical maze, the receiving tube receives infrared light through refraction and reflection. The intelligent alarm circuit determines whether the threshold is exceeded. If it exceeds the threshold, an alarm will be issued

它是利用起火时产生的烟雾能够改变光的传播特性这一基本性质而研制的。根据烟粒子对光线的吸收和散 射作用。光电感烟探测器又分为遮光型和散光型两种。

It is developed based on the fundamental property that the smoke generated during a fire can alter the propagation characteristics of light. Based on the absorption and scattering of light by smoke particles. Photoelectric smoke detectors are divided into two types: shading type and astigmatism type.

吸气式烟雾探测器

Aspirated smoke detector

VESDA即”非常早期的烟雾探测设备”，这是根据产品的功能而起的名字。而根据其原理特点，也称其为 吸气式或采样式烟雾探测器。为极早探测到烟雾，更快发出报警，VESDA-改传统点式探测系统等烟雾飘散到 探测器再进行探测的方式，主动对空E进行采样探测，使保护区内的空气样品被VESDA内部的吸气泵吸入采样 管道，送到探测器进行分析，如果发现烟雾颗粒,即发出报警。VESDA的具体工作流程是空气由四根管道进入 VESDA经过过滤器，吸气泵送入激光探测腔，探测信号送到控制显示单元。这期间还有经过次过滤的空气保持 激光腔内光学部件的清洁。

VESDA is a very early smoke detection device, named after the functionality of the product. According to its principle characteristics, it is also known as an aspirated or sampling style smoke detector. In order to detect smoke very early and issue an alarm faster, VESDA has changed the traditional point type detection system to actively sample and detect air samples in the protected area, which are sucked into the sampling pipeline by the internal suction pump of VESDA and sent to the detector for analysis. If smoke particles are found, an alarm will be issued. The specific workflow of VESDA is that air enters the VESDA through four pipes, passes through filters, is pumped into the laser detection chamber, and the detection signal is sent to the control display unit. During this period, there is also air that has undergone secondary filtration to maintain the cleanliness of the optical components inside the laser cavity.

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