自动喷水灭火系统工作的原理是什么？

来源：http://www.cx-fire.com/ 日期：2026-08-04

1、末端试水装置末端试水装置是检验系统可靠性的一种装置，可检査水流指示器、报警阀、压力开关、水力警铃的动作是否正常，配水管道是否畅通，以及非常不利点处的喷头工作压力等。末端试水装置安装在系统管网或分区管网的末端，是检验系统启动、报警及联动等功能的装置。它是自动喷水灭火系统的重要组成部分。

1. Terminal water testing device is a device used to test the reliability of a system. It can check whether the water flow indicator, alarm valve, pressure switch, hydraulic alarm bell are functioning properly, whether the water distribution pipeline is unobstructed, and the working pressure of the nozzle at the most unfavorable point. The end water testing device is installed at the end of the system pipeline network or partition pipeline network, and is a device used to test the system's startup, alarm, and linkage functions. It is an important component of the automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system.

2、洒水喷头喷头按其有无释放机构分为闭式喷头和开式喷头。

2. Sprinkler heads are divided into closed and open types based on whether they have a release mechanism or not.

闭式喷头是由喷头主体和感温释放机构共同组成的喷头。平时喷头主体的洒水口被感温释放机构封闭，火灾时喷头感温元件在热的作用下感温释放，封闭机构解体，水从洒水口喷出。

A closed nozzle is a nozzle composed of a nozzle body and a temperature sensing release mechanism. The sprinkler mouth of the main body of the nozzle is usually closed by a temperature sensing release mechanism. In case of a fire, the temperature sensing element of the nozzle is released under the action of heat, and the sealing mechanism is disassembled, causing water to spray out from the sprinkler mouth.

喷头本体包括喷头接管螺纹、辗臂座、轴臂架、溅水盘等。在结构上它们是一个不可分离的整体，通称为本体。

The nozzle body includes nozzle connecting thread, roller arm seat, shaft arm bracket, splash disc, etc. Structurally, they are an inseparable whole, commonly known as the ontology.

感温释放机构包括感温支撑元件、紧固锁封螺钉（又叫紧固调整螺栓）、密封座（也叫压盖塞子）、密封垫圈等，是在结构上可从本体上分离的元件。

The temperature sensing release mechanism includes temperature sensing support elements, fastening locking screws (also known as fastening adjustment bolts), sealing seats (also known as gland plugs), sealing washers, etc., which are structurally separable components from the body.

喷头是自动喷水灭火系统的重要功能组件，应使每个喷头随时都处于正常状态，因此应每月对喷头进行检査。

The nozzle is an important functional component of the automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system, and each nozzle should be in normal condition at all times. Therefore, the nozzle should be inspected monthly.

（1）若发现喷头有漏水、腐蚀、玻璃球中有色液体变色，或数量减少等现象，应立即更换。

(1) If the nozzle is found to have leakage, corrosion, discoloration of colored liquid in the glass ball, or a decrease in quantity, it should be replaced immediately.

（2）对于腐蚀性严重的场所，喷头可釆用涂蜡或涂防腐蚀涂料等防腐蚀措施，但绝对不允许涂在感温元件上。

(2) For places with severe corrosion, the nozzle can be coated with anti-corrosion measures such as wax or anti-corrosion paint, but it is absolutely not allowed to be coated on temperature sensing elements.

（3）灰尘的堆积会影响喷头动作的灵敏度，当发现喷头上有积滞尘埃应及时清除。

(3) The accumulation of dust can affect the sensitivity of the nozzle action. When dust accumulation is found on the nozzle, it should be removed in a timely manner.

（4）对于各种不同规格的喷头，均应有一定备用量，其数量应不小于安装总数的1%,且每种备用喷头应不少于10个。

(4) For various specifications of nozzles, there should be a certain amount of backup, which should not be less than 1% of the total installed quantity, and each type of backup nozzle should have no less than 10.