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来源：http://www.cx-fire.com/ 日期：2026-07-13
高压细水雾灭火系统是一种以水为灭火介质，通过高压将水雾化成微小液滴进行灭火的先进消防技术。该系统由一个或多个细水雾喷头、供水管网、加压供水设备及相关控制装置等组成，能在火灾发生时向保护对象或空间喷放细水雾，产生扑灭、抑制或控制火灾的效果。高压细水雾灭火系统从细水雾喷头的开启形式分为开式细水雾系统和闭式细水雾系统，其中开式细水雾系统又分为一齐喷系统和雾幕系统。
The high-pressure fine water mist fire extinguishing system is an advanced firefighting technology that uses water as the extinguishing medium and transforms water mist into tiny droplets under high pressure for fire extinguishing. The system consists of one or more fine water mist nozzles, water supply pipelines, pressurized water supply equipment, and related control devices. It can spray fine water mist onto protected objects or spaces in the event of a fire, producing the effect of extinguishing, suppressing, or controlling the fire. The high-pressure fine water mist fire extinguishing system is divided into open fine water mist system and closed fine water mist system based on the opening form of the fine water mist nozzle. The open fine water mist system is further divided into simultaneous spraying system and mist curtain system.
高压细水雾的灭火机理主要体现在三个方面：冷却、窒息和阻隔热辐射。细水雾通过冷却上升热气流和烟羽区、驱逐燃烧物周围的氧气、隔绝辐射传导进行灭火。由于细水雾液滴直径出彩小（通常在100微米以下），比表面积巨大，能够迅速吸收热量汽化，从而快速降低火焰温度。同时，大量水雾汽化后体积急剧膨胀，能够稀释火焰周围的氧气浓度，实现窒息灭火。此外，细水雾还能有效阻隔火焰的热辐射，防止火灾蔓延。这一多机理协同作用使得高压细水雾系统对固态、液态甚至气态燃烧表面均能有效灭火。
The fire extinguishing mechanism of high-pressure fine water mist is mainly reflected in three aspects: cooling, suffocation, and blocking thermal radiation. Fine water mist is used to extinguish fires by cooling the rising hot air flow and smoke plume area, expelling oxygen around the combustion material, and isolating radiation conduction. Due to the extremely small diameter of fine water mist droplets (usually below 100 microns) and their large specific surface area, they can quickly absorb heat and vaporize, thereby rapidly reducing flame temperature. At the same time, a large amount of water mist vaporizes and rapidly expands in volume, which can dilute the oxygen concentration around the flame and achieve suffocation fire extinguishing. In addition, fine water mist can effectively block the thermal radiation of flames and prevent the spread of fires. This multi mechanism synergistic effect enables high-pressure fine water mist systems to effectively extinguish solid, liquid, and even gaseous combustion surfaces.
高压细水雾灭火系统具有灭火效能高、冷却性能好、抑制性强的显著特点。细水雾具有一定的穿透性，可以解决全淹没和遮挡的问题，并可防止火灾复燃。它非常适用于扑救高温设备和表面的火灾。根据规范要求，开式高压细水雾系统设计持续喷雾时间应不少于30分钟，电子信息机房开式高压细水雾系统设计持续喷雾时间不少于20分钟。开式高压细水雾系统的响应时间应不大于30秒。闭式高压细水雾系统的作用面积为140平方米，设计持续喷雾时间同样应不少于30分钟。
The high-pressure fine water mist fire extinguishing system has significant characteristics of high fire extinguishing efficiency, good cooling performance, and strong suppression. Fine water mist has a certain degree of penetrability, which can solve the problems of total submergence and obstruction, and prevent the recurrence of fires. It is particularly suitable for extinguishing fires in high-temperature equipment and surfaces. According to the specification requirements, the design continuous spray time of the open high-pressure water mist system shall not be less than 30 minutes, and the design continuous spray time of the open high-pressure water mist system in the electronic information room shall not be less than 20 minutes. The response time of the open high-pressure fine water mist system should not exceed 30 seconds. The action area of the closed high-pressure water mist system is 140 square meters, and the designed continuous spray time should also be no less than 30 minutes.
在喷头布置方面，除局部应用高压细水雾灭火系统外，喷头宜按正方形布置，喷头非常大安装间距不宜大于3.0米，喷头距离墙壁或水平障碍物的距离不应大于1.5米。这些设计参数的准确设定确保了系统能够在火灾发生时快速、有效地发挥作用。
In terms of nozzle layout, except for the local application of high-pressure fine water mist fire extinguishing systems, nozzles should be arranged in a square shape, with a maximum installation spacing of no more than 3.0 meters. The distance between nozzles and walls or horizontal obstacles should not exceed 1.5 meters. The precise setting of these design parameters ensures that the system can quickly and effectively function in the event of a fire.
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