对于灭火器的使用用户来说，只能承担灭火器配置后的检查和维护职责，确保灭火器始终处于一种完好的使用状态。产生质量问题的根源就在于灭火器生产企业和中介维修企业。总之，川消灭火器使用前要知道产生问题原因。

For the users of fire extinguishers, they can only undertake the inspection and maintenance responsibilities after the fire extinguishers are configured to ensure that the fire extinguishers are always in a good state of use. The root cause of quality problems lies in fire extinguisher production enterprises and intermediary maintenance enterprises. In short, we should know the cause of the problem before using Chuanxiao fire extinguishers.

原材料选定不符或控制把关不严

The selection of raw materials is inconsistent or the control is not strict

（1）部分不良灭火器生产企业为牟取大利润，放松对于原材料的质量控制，ABC干粉灭火剂的含量指标一降再降，以次充好；用低含量的BC干粉灭火剂代替ABC干粉灭火剂，以假乱真；后甚采用一些滑石粉或不明粉状物充填于灭火器内。

(1) In order to make large profits, some poor fire extinguisher manufacturers have relaxed the quality control of raw materials. The content index of ABC dry powder fire extinguishing agent has fallen again and again, and inferior fire extinguishing agents are replaced by good ones; Replace ABC dry powder fire extinguishing agent with BC dry powder fire extinguishing agent with low content to confuse the false with the true; Later, some talc powder or unknown powder was even used to fill the fire extinguisher.

（2）一些规范的灭火器生产企业在原材料选定和质量控制方面也存在疏于管理现象。特别是对于干粉灭火器的喷射机构，未能严格按照灭火器型式试验时确定的喷射孔径进行选择和检验，导致干粉灭火器喷射机构的孔径超出能保证灭火器有效喷射时间的孔径范围，而出现在检查灭火器喷射性能时灭火器喷射时间短问题。

(2) Some standardized fire extinguisher production enterprises are also lax in the selection of raw materials and quality control. Especially for the injection mechanism of dry powder fire extinguishers, the selection and inspection of the injection hole diameter determined during the type test of the fire extinguisher were not strictly carried out, resulting in the hole diameter of the injection mechanism of dry powder fire extinguishers exceeding the hole diameter range that can ensure the effective injection time of the fire extinguisher, and the problem of short injection time of the fire extinguisher when checking the injection performance of the fire extinguisher occurred.

（3）为降低成本寻求利用筒体钢板厚度标准的下偏差时失去控制，导致灭火器筒体测量壁厚小于标准规定的小壁厚值；少数不良企业甚直接以次充好，以薄代厚。近年来灭火器本身发生爆炸的案例时有发生。

(3) In order to reduce the cost, when seeking to use the lower deviation of the cylinder steel plate thickness standard, it loses control, resulting in the measured wall thickness of the fire extinguisher cylinder being less than the small wall thickness value specified in the standard; A few bad enterprises even directly shoddy, thin for thick. In recent years, the fire extinguisher itself has exploded from time to time.

灭火器生产装配工艺质量控制不严

The quality control of fire extinguisher production and assembly process is not strict

（1）在灭火器检查中发现灭火器内干粉灭火剂的充装量少于或超出标准规定的充装误差范围。灭火剂充装得少，可以理解为生产企业为降低成本，采取不正常手段，减少灭火剂充装量。可是对于多充怎么理解呢？这就是干粉充装工艺控制不严导致的。目前国内干粉灭火剂的充装自动计量控制装置还不普及，并且现已使用的自动计量控制还存在计量控制不够准确的缺陷，所以大多厂家的干粉灭火剂的充装全靠人工操作，再加上监督校核不严，其精度可想可知，所以在批量生产中出现多充或少充现象。

(1) During the inspection of the fire extinguisher, it is found that the filling amount of dry powder extinguishing agent in the fire extinguisher is less than or exceeds the filling error range specified in the standard. The low filling of fire extinguishing agent can be understood as that the manufacturer adopts abnormal means to reduce the filling amount of fire extinguishing agent in order to reduce the cost. But how to understand overcharge? This is caused by the lax control of dry powder filling process. At present, the automatic metering control device for the filling of dry powder extinguishing agent in China is not popular, and the automatic metering control used now still has the defect that the metering control is not accurate enough. Therefore, the filling of dry powder extinguishing agent of most manufacturers depends on manual operation, coupled with the lax supervision and verification, its accuracy can be expected, so there is the phenomenon of overcharge or undercharge in mass production.

（2）在川消灭火器质量检验中发现的灭火器喷射后内部余粉过多，喷射剩余率超出标准规定值产生的原因主要是灭火器内部的虹吸管长度不足，还有在装配过程中干粉防潮湿性或干粉本身过潮，导致灭火器喷射时干粉的流动性不好或有结块现象而剩余粉过多。所以选定适宜长度的虹吸管和采取有效的防潮措施可以有效减少喷射剩余率超标现象。

(2) In the quality inspection of Chuanxiao fire extinguisher, it was found that there was too much residual powder inside the fire extinguisher after spraying, and the spraying residual rate exceeded the standard specified value. The main reasons were the insufficient length of the siphon inside the fire extinguisher, and the moisture resistance of the dry powder or the excessive moisture of the dry powder itself during the assembly process, which led to the poor liquidity of the dry powder or the agglomeration of the dry powder when the fire extinguisher was sprayed, resulting in too much residual powder. Therefore, selecting siphons with appropriate length and taking effective moisture-proof measures can effectively reduce the phenomenon of excessive spraying residual rate.

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