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来源：http://www.cx-fire.com/ 日期：2024-02-06
消防工作已经贯穿到我们生活中的方方面面，如何正确使用建筑内常见的消防设备设施，对于我们来说已经变得尤为重要，尤其是高层建筑发生火灾后，往往火势蔓延速度快，火灾扑救难度大，人员疏散困难，但是如果能够有效利用身边的消防设施设备，将火势控制在初期状态，或许就能避免一场火灾的发生。
Firefighting work has penetrated into every aspect of our lives. It has become particularly important for us to use common fire-fighting equipment and facilities in buildings correctly, especially in high-rise buildings where the fire often spreads rapidly, making firefighting difficult and evacuating personnel difficult. However, if we can effectively utilize the fire-fighting equipment around us to control the fire in its initial state, Perhaps it can prevent a fire from happening.
手动报警器
Manual alarm
手动报警器常见于建筑走廊，当发生火灾时在火灾探测器没有探测到火灾的时候，人员手动按下手动火灾报警按钮，按下手动报警按钮3～5秒钟，手动报警按钮上的火警确认灯会点亮，报告火灾信号。
Manual alarms are commonly found in building corridors. When a fire occurs and the fire detector does not detect the fire, personnel manually press the manual fire alarm button. Press the manual alarm button for 3-5 seconds, and the fire alarm confirmation light on the manual alarm button will light up to report the fire signal.
手动报警器
Manual alarm
室内消火栓
Indoor fire hydrant
室内消火栓一般都设置在建筑物公共部位的墙壁上，有明显的标志，内有水带和水枪。使用时，打开消火栓箱门，取出水带、水枪，将水带的一端接在消火栓出水口上，另一端接好水枪，并将水带拉直，按下消火栓启动泵按钮，启动消火栓原，而后打开消火栓阀门便可喷水天火。当消火栓泵控制柜处于手动状态时应及时派人到消防泵房手动启动消火栓泵。
Indoor fire hydrants are generally installed on the walls of public areas of buildings, with clear signs and water hoses and guns inside. When in use, open the door of the fire hydrant box, take out the water hose and water gun, connect one end of the water hose to the water outlet of the fire hydrant, connect the other end to the water gun, and straighten the water hose. Press the fire hydrant start pump button to start the fire hydrant, and then open the fire hydrant valve to spray the sky fire. When the fire hydrant pump control cabinet is in manual mode, personnel should be promptly dispatched to the fire pump room to manually start the fire hydrant pump.
安装在建筑物内的消防给水管路上，由箱体、室内消火栓、消防接口、水带、水枪、消防软管卷盘及电器设备等消防器材组成的具有给水、灭火、控制、报警等功能的箱状固定式消防装置。
A box shaped fixed fire protection device installed on the fire water supply pipeline inside a building, consisting of a box body, indoor fire hydrants, fire interfaces, water hoses, water guns, fire hose reels, and electrical equipment, with functions such as water supply, fire extinguishing, control, and alarm.
室外消火栓
Outdoor fire hydrant
设置在建筑物外面消防给水管网上的供水设施，主要供消防车从市政给水管网或室外消防给水管网取水实施灭火，也可以直接连接水带、水枪出水灭火，是扑救火灾的重要消防设施之一。
The water supply facilities set up on the fire water supply pipe network outside the building are mainly used by fire trucks to take water from the municipal water supply network or outdoor fire water supply network for extinguishing fires. They can also be directly connected to water hoses and water guns to extinguish fires. They are one of the important fire fighting facilities.
室外消火栓
Outdoor fire hydrant
隔膜式气压罐
Diaphragm pressure tank
由钢质外壳，橡胶隔膜内胆构成的储能器件，橡胶隔膜把水室和气室完全隔开，当外界有压力的水充入隔膜式气压水罐的内胆时，密封在罐内的空气被压缩，根据波义耳气体定律，气体受到压缩后体积变小，压力升高储存能量，压缩气体膨胀可以将橡胶隔膜内的水压出罐体。
The energy storage device is composed of a steel shell and a rubber diaphragm inner liner. The rubber diaphragm completely separates the water chamber and the gas chamber. When water under pressure from the outside is filled into the inner liner of the diaphragm type pneumatic water tank, the air sealed in the tank is compressed. According to Boyle's gas law, the compressed gas reduces its volume, increases the pressure, and stores energy. Compressed gas expansion can press the water inside the rubber diaphragm out of the tank.
隔膜式气压罐
Diaphragm pressure tank
消防泵
Fire pump
用作输送水或泡沫溶液等液体灭火剂的专用泵。
It is used as a special pump for conveying liquid extinguishing agent such as water or foam solution.
消防喷淋头
Fire sprinkler head
用于消防喷淋系统，当发生火灾时，水通过喷淋头溅水盘洒出进行灭火，目前分为下垂型洒水喷头、直立型洒水喷头、普通型洒水喷头、边墙型洒水喷头等。
Used in fire sprinkler systems, when a fire occurs, water is sprayed out through the sprinkler head splash tray to extinguish the fire. Currently, it is divided into drooping sprinkler heads, upright sprinkler heads, ordinary sprinkler heads, side wall sprinkler heads, etc.
消防喷淋头
Fire sprinkler head
水泵接合器
Water pump adapter
通过楼宇外的给水设备向楼宇内消防，喷淋系统提供灭火用水，水泵接合器楼宇内与消防喷淋系统通过止回阀相连，止回阀的作用是水只能由外往内供水，楼宇外与消防车用水泵相连，当楼宇内发生火灾，楼宇内消防，喷淋系统不能提供灭火用水时，楼宇外消防车用水泵通过水泵接合器向楼宇内消防，喷淋系统提供灭火用水。
Provide fire extinguishing water to the fire protection and sprinkler system inside the building through the water supply equipment outside the building. The water pump adapter is connected to the fire sprinkler system inside the building through a check valve. The function of the check valve is that water can only be supplied from the outside to the inside. The water pump is connected to the fire truck outside the building. When a fire occurs inside the building and the fire protection and sprinkler system inside the building cannot provide fire extinguishing water, the fire truck water pump outside the building is connected to the fire protection inside the building through the water pump adapter, The sprinkler system provides fire extinguishing water.
水泵接合器
Water pump adapter
信号蝶阀
Signal butterfly valve
一般安装在两个部位：楼层水平干管水流指示器前端；主干管湿式报警阀前端。
It is generally installed in two parts: the front end of the horizontal main pipe water flow indicator on the floor; Front end of wet alarm valve for main pipeline.
楼层水平干管安装信号蝶阀的作用，一是当楼层喷淋系统需要维修时，关闭此阀，打开末端放水，放空本楼层喷淋系统内的水，进行维修；二是喷淋系统内是不允许无水的，当这个蝶关闭时，会传输一个信号给消防报警系统，消防报警系统接收一个监视信号（所以叫信号蝶阀），提示这个楼层的消防喷淋系统是无水状态，应快速维修 。
The function of installing a signal butterfly valve on the horizontal main pipe of a floor is to close this valve when the floor sprinkler system needs maintenance, open the end drain, and empty the water in the floor sprinkler system for maintenance; Secondly, it is not allowed to have no water inside the sprinkler system. When this butterfly is closed, it will transmit a signal to the fire alarm system. The fire alarm system receives a monitoring signal (so it is called a signal butterfly valve), indicating that the fire sprinkler system on this floor is in a dry state and should be repaired quickly.
湿式报警阀前端的信号蝶阀作用与楼层主干管蝶阀的作用差不多，一是维修，二是提示喷淋系统内有信号蝶阀关闭，应尽早维修。
The signal butterfly valve at the front end of the wet alarm valve has a similar function to the butterfly valve on the main pipe of the floor. It is used for maintenance and reminds that there is a signal butterfly valve closed in the sprinkler system, which should be repaired as soon as possible.
信号蝶阀
Signal butterfly valve
末端试水装置
End water testing device
安装在系统管网或分区管网的末端，检验系统启动、报警及联动等功能的装置。
A device installed at the end of a system or partition network to verify system startup, alarm, and linkage functions.
末端试水装置
End water testing device
火灾探测器
Fire detectors
消防火灾自动报警系统中，对现场进行探查，发现火灾的设备。火灾探测器是系统的“感觉器官”，它的作用是监视环境中有没有火灾的发生。一旦有了火情，就将火灾的特征物理量，如温度、烟雾、气体和辐射光强等转换成电信号，并立即动作向火灾报警控制器发送报警信号。
In the automatic fire alarm system, equipment used to investigate the scene and detect a fire. A fire detector is the sensory organ of a system, and its function is to monitor the environment for the occurrence of a fire. Once a fire occurs, the characteristic physical quantities of the fire, such as temperature, smoke, gas, and radiation intensity, are converted into electrical signals, and an alarm signal is immediately sent to the fire alarm controller.
火灾探测器
Fire detectors
消防控制模块
Fire control module
也叫输入输出模块，是消防联动控制系统的重要组成部分，用在火灾自动报警系统中连接排烟阀、送风阀、防火阀等等外部设备。模块多有一对常开、常闭触点，通过模块上面的触点连接外接电路来实现外部设备的联动控制。
Also known as input/output module, it is an important component of the fire linkage control system, used to connect external devices such as smoke exhaust valves, air supply valves, fire dampers, etc. in the fire automatic alarm system. The module often has a pair of normally open and normally closed contacts, which are connected to external circuits through the contacts on the module to achieve linkage control of external devices.
消防控制模块
Fire control module
声光报警器
Sound and light alarm
是一种用在危险场所，通过声音和各种光来向人们发出示警信号的一种不会引燃易燃易爆性气体的报警信号装置。
It is an alarm signal device used in hazardous areas that emits warning signals to people through sound and various lights, without igniting flammable and explosive gases.
声光报警器
Sound and light alarm
消防警铃
Fire alarm bell
在发生紧急情况的时候由报警控制器控制触发报警，正常情况下每个区域一个，也可用于防盗警报器，警示声音效果好。
In the event of an emergency, the alarm is triggered by the alarm controller. Normally, one alarm is provided for each area, which can also be used as an anti-theft alarm with a good warning sound effect.
消防警铃
Fire alarm bell
防火阀
Fire damper
度防火阀用在空调送风、通风系统管道上；平时常开，发生火灾时关闭，联锁风机，使风机关闭；
Fire dampers are used on air conditioning supply and ventilation system pipelines; Normally open, close in case of fire, interlock the fan to shut it down;
度防火阀用在排烟系统管道上，平时常开，发生火灾时排烟，当烟气温度达到280度时，防火阀关闭，联锁风机关闭。
The fire damper is used on the smoke exhaust system pipeline and is usually open. When a fire occurs, the smoke is discharged. When the smoke temperature reaches 280 degrees, the fire damper closes and the interlocking fan closes.
防火阀
Fire damper
防火卷帘门
Fireproof rolling shutter door
防火卷帘帘面通过传动装置和控制系统达到卷帘的升降。起到防火、隔火作用
The fireproof roller shutter is lifted and lowered through a transmission device and control system. Plays a role in fire prevention and isolation
防火卷帘门
Fireproof rolling shutter door
火灾报警主机及消防控制联动柜
Fire alarm host and fire control linkage cabinet
位于消防控制室的报警系统主机、联动主机。可获得报警信号、设备动作反馈信号、控制水泵、水炮、风机启停等。
The alarm system host and linkage host located in the fire control room. It can obtain alarm signals, equipment action feedback signals, control water pumps, water cannons, fan start stop, etc.
火灾报警主机及消防控制联动柜
Fire alarm host and fire control linkage cabinet
防烟排烟系统
Smoke prevention and exhaust system
防排烟系统是为控制起火建筑内的烟气流动，创造有利于疏散和消防救援的条件，防止和减少建筑火灾的危害而设置的一种建筑设施。防排烟系统分为机械加压送风防烟设施和机械排烟设施。
A smoke control and exhaust system is a type of building facility designed to control the flow of smoke inside a burning building, create conditions conducive to safe evacuation and fire rescue, and prevent and reduce the hazards of building fires. The smoke exhaust system is divided into mechanical pressurized air supply smoke exhaust facilities and mechanical smoke exhaust facilities.
防烟排烟系统
Smoke prevention and exhaust system
灭火器
Fire extinguisher
灭火器是一种可携式灭火工具。灭火器内放置化学物品，用以救灭火灾。灭火器是常见的防火设施之一存放在公众场所或可能发生火灾的地方，不同种类的天火器内装填的成分不一样，是专为不同的火灾起因而使用时必须注意以免产生反效果及引起危险。
A fire extinguisher is a portable firefighting tool. Chemical substances are placed inside the fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire. Fire extinguishers are one of the common fire prevention facilities stored in public places or places where fires may occur. Different types of sky fire extinguishers are filled with different components and are specifically designed for different fire causes. When used, attention must be paid to avoid adverse effects and potential hazards.
使用前先把灭火器士干颠倒几下，使简内干粉松动先拔下保险销，一只手握住喷嘴，另一只手用力按下压把，干粉便会从喷嘴射出来。
Before use, invert the fire extinguisher stem a few times to loosen the dry powder inside. First, unplug the safety pin, hold the nozzle with one hand, and press the pressure handle firmly with the other hand. The dry powder will be ejected from the nozzle.
灭火器
Fire extinguisher
防火门
Fire doors
防火门是指在一定时间内连同框架能满足耐火稳性、完整性和隔热性要求的门。它是设在防火分区间、散楼梯间、垂直竖井等具有一定耐火性的防火分隔物火门除具有普通门的作用外更具有阻止火势蔓延和气扩散的作用，可在一定时间内阻止火势的蔓延，确保人员疏散。
Fire doors refer to doors that, together with their frames, can meet the requirements of fire resistance, stability, integrity, and thermal insulation within a certain period of time. It is a fire-resistant partition material installed in fire compartments, stairwells, vertical shafts, etc. Fire doors not only have the function of ordinary doors but also have the function of preventing the spread of fire and gas, which can prevent the spread of fire for a certain period of time and ensure personnel evacuation.
防火门
Fire doors
疏散指示标志
Evacuation signs
疏散指示标志
Evacuation signs
应急照明灯
Emergency lighting
应急照明灯是在正常照明电源发生故障时，能有效地照明和显示疏散通道，或能持续照明而不间断工作的一类灯具。广泛用于公共场所和不能间断照明的地方。平时它像普通灯具一样提供照明，当出现紧急情况，如地震、失火或电路故障引起电源突然中断，所有光源都已停止工作，此时，它立即提供可靠的照明，并指示人流疏散的方向和紧急出口的位置，以确保滞留在黑暗中的人们顺利地撤离。
Emergency lighting is a type of lighting fixture that can effectively illuminate and display evacuation routes in the event of a malfunction in the normal lighting power supply, or can continuously illuminate and work uninterrupted. Widely used in public places and places with uninterrupted lighting. Normally, it provides lighting like ordinary lamps. In case of emergency situations such as earthquakes, fires, or circuit failures causing sudden power outages, all light sources have stopped working. At this time, it immediately provides reliable lighting and indicates the direction of evacuation and the position of emergency exits to ensure the smooth evacuation of people trapped in the darkness.
